ESA's Giotto spacecraft was launched in July 1985 on an Ariane 1 rocket from Kourou, French Guyana, to begin its chase of Halley's Comet; this ended up with a close encounter (at 600 km from the nucleus) on 14 March 1986. The experimenters (including John) monitored the event at the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Damstadt, Germany.